Math functions (Basic)

Let’s discuss more about the Math functions in Java and if you want to know what is math functions, you can CHECK HERE.

Math.floor(x)

Whatever be the number after the decimal point value, those numbers are neglected while using floor math function.

Eg) If x=11.78 and when floor math function is implemented on it, the output becomes 11.

CODE

class java {
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        //Declare float variable
        float a=32.0f, b=32.78f;
        System.out.println("The floor output of a is ");
        System.out.println(Math.floor(a));
        System.out.println("The floor output of b is ");
        System.out.println(Math.floor(b));
    }
}

 Output

Math.floorDiv(x,y)

Here, two input variables are taken and division operation is performed. Finally, the floor value of the result is given in the output.

Eg) Let x and y be 11 and 2 respectively. First 11/2 operation is done which results in 5.5 and then it is rounded off to 5 since it’s the floor value.

CODE

class java {
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        //Declare float variable
        int a = 47, b = 5;
        System.out.println("The floorDiv output is ");
        System.out.println(Math.floorDiv(a, b));
    }
}

Output

Math.random(x)

As the name suggests, the code prints a random double value from0 to less than 1 as its output. The beauty of this Math function is every time the code is executed, it produces different outputs. This random math function can be used only for double data type.

CODE

class java {
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        //Assigning the random number to double
        double a=Math.random();
        System.out.println("The random output is ");
        System.out.println(a);
    }
}

 Output

Math.hypot(x,y)

This value returns out the hypotenuse value of x and y. This function is based on 3 cases:

Case (i) Both integers

When both the integers are positive, the output is sqrt ((x*x) + (y*y))

Case (ii) Any one value is infinity

When either or both of the input is infinity, the output is also infinite.

Eg) 1/0 is infinity

Case (iii) Not a Number (NaN case)

When any one of the inputs is in NaN condition, the output is also NaN. Eg) 0/0 becomes NaN

CODE

class java {
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        //Declaring variables
        double a=4, b=3, c=-4, d=-3;
        // Case 1
        //Hypotenuse of positive numbers
        System.out.println("The hypotenuse output is ");
        System.out.println(Math.hypot(a,b));
        //hypotenuse of negative numbers
        System.out.println("The hypotenuse output is ");
        System.out.println(Math.hypot(c,d));
        //Case 2: Infinity case
        //Declaring an infinity number
        double e=Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY;
        System.out.println("Hypotenuse output is");
        System.out.println(Math.hypot(e,a));
        //Case 3:Nan
        //Declaring NaN variable
        double f=0.0/0;
        System.out.println("Hypotenuse output is");
        System.out.println(Math.hypot(f,b));
    }
}

 Output

Math.addExact(x, y), Math.subtractExact(x,y), Math.multiplyExact(x,y)

This math function is used to add two numbers instead of using an addition operator. Similarly, Math.subtractExact(x,y) and Math.multiplyExact(x,y) is used to subtract and multiply the inputs respectively.

CODE

class java {
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        int a = 11;
        int b = 29;
        System.out.println(Math.addExact(a, b));
        System.out.println(Math.subtractExact(a, b));
        System.out.println(Math.multiplyExact(a, b));
    }
}

 Output

Math.incrementExact(x), Math.decrementExact(x)

Using this Math function, the value is incremented by 1. Similarly, Math.decrementExact(x) is used to decrement the number by 1.

class java {
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        int a = 11;
        int b = -29;
        System.out.println(Math.incrementExact(a));
        System.out.println(Math.incrementExact(b));
        System.out.println(Math.decrementExact(a));
        System.out.println(Math.decrementExact(b));
    }
}

 Output

Math.negateExact(x)

This Math function is used to determine the negative value of the input. For instance, if x=11, the output is -11 and when the input x=-29, the output is 29.

class java {
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        int a = 11;
        int b = -29;
        System.out.println(Math.negateExact(a));
        System.out.println(Math.negateExact(b));
    }
}

 Output

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